I Peter Session 2: A Living Hope

 Jen Wilkin's summary notes for Session 2 of I Peter.

Verse 1: "Therefore" (look at what came before).  It's about the attitude of the heart. Put off malice.  Put on good will. Put off deceit.  Put on all truth.  Put off hypocristy.  Put on all genuiness. Put off envy. Put on generosity. Put off slander.  Put on all praise.

Verse 2: Tells us how to receive it: long for it.  Desire it like panting after water.  A strong word here (Psalm 42:1) What attitude? Like a newborn baby desires milk.  A natural state of a newborn Christian: they want the word of God.  What's the result? Growth which equals the word and works (doers and hearers).  i.e. nutrition plus exercise.  He says you have experienced it, now live it.

Verse 3: If you've experienced that the Lord is gracious, now live it out.

Verses 4-5: The building work God wants to do.  Metaphor switched to something being built now.  Chiefstone is Jesus.  Living stones are us.  Building a spiritual house.  In ancient times, these stones had to be shaped to put into place.  Do we feel God's shaping?  What should the result be of this shaping? To offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.

Verses 6-8: Peter now thinks of passages that connect to the OT.  Psalm 118:22 (Jesus is the chief cornerstone).  Jesus is also the stumbling stone (Isaiah 8:14-15). Jesus is the foundation stone (Isaiah 28).  Jesus is the supernatural stone (Daniel 2) Jesus is the Rock in the wilderness.  He is precious to us who believe.  Those who refuse to build on Him, stumble over Him and He will become a rock of offense.  Jews and Gentiles are joined together.

Verse 9:  Titles that belong to Jews and Gentiles who we are before God: Royal Priests brought together in Jesus, no longer separate.  We are a possession of God. 

Verse 10: Now we are God's.  What a revelation for the Gentiles.  Why did He do it? That we would proclaim the praises of God.

Note: Now the second part - Our Duties

Verses 11-12: You've received the inheritance, so now how should you live? Wage war against our flesh because this wars against the soul. What's the result of keeping our conduct honorable? They will see our good deeds and God will be glorified.  Live in holiness.  Live as set-apart people.

Question: What was the Roman Empire like during this time? A lot of taxes, subjugation, elite vs the poor.  Augustus honored as a "god". Julius Caesar a military leader.  Herold installed as King.  There was impoverishment, hunger, debt, agrarian society, disintegration of villages and communities and violence of the Zealots.

Verse 13-17: Another duty is to show proper submission to the government.  Live as a good citizen in your community.  Remember that Peter wrote this in the days of the Roman Empire (see above).  Why obey? For the Lord's sake.

Note: Whenever the Bible speaks of submission, it's not on a human level, but to God.  By doing this (doing good), what is the result? Put to silence the ignorance of foolish men.  Live it right!

Verses 18-20: Slaves and Masters.  The duties.

Verses 21-25: Suffering for doing what's right.  Take courage from the example of Jesus.  We are identified with the death of Jesus on the cross.  The provision for our physical healing was made by Jesus on the cross and also our spiritual healing.  He is now our Shepherd and Overseer of our soul.

Shepherd: Pastor.

Overseer: Bishop.

Remember that before God tells us what to do, He first tells us all He's given to us in Jesus Christ.  When we receive what He's given us, He then gives us the ability to do it.

Next: Session 3: Submission and Suffering  

This is the introduction to the Jen Wilkin I Peter series.  I have summarized her 10-session study.

Jen says "The Bible is a book about God; renewal begins with right thinking".  She will go through all five chapters of 1 Peter.

Author: Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ.

To Whom: A letter to the exiles in the dispersion.  Enemies of Rome. These were living in Northern and Western parts of Asia Minor who were undergoing persecution for their faith in Christ under Nero.

When Written: Probably between 60-65 A.D. Written to Roman providences mentioned in verse 1.  It was written just before Paul's death.

What Style: A letter.  Provides direction to the persecuted church.

Central Theme: 1) how to persevere in suffering.  Provides encouragement to not give up, continue in the way 2) our identity in Christ 3) a coming judgment 4) submission 5) importance of imitating Christ.

Jen then gives us some study tips - to study with:

1) purpose

2) perspective

3) patience - read repeatedly

4) process - comprehension, interpretation, and application

5) prayer - how can I pray differently?

6) people - in community

Chapter 1 Living Like You Are Born Again

Verse 1: Peter is writing to the dispersed believers in providences of Rome.  They are experiencing persecution by Nero and fled to these places.  Peter is an apostle of Jesus Christ who understands persecution.  He was one of the first apostles.  The "elect" = chosen.

Verse 2: Chosen by God, elect and exiled, set apart by the Spirit.  For what purpose? To obey Jesus Christ and sprinkling with His blood - to keep them obedient through the sacrifice.  Grace and peace is a blessing often used.  Grace - Greek blessing.  Peace - Hebrew blessing. Note: the Trinity is mentioned here (Father, Son and Holy Spirit).

The Father initiates the plan of salvation.  The Son accomplishes the plan of salvation.  The Holy Spirit applies our salvation.

Verse 3: Peter praises God the Father who the Messiah comes from.  Lord Jesus Christ = Messiah.  "According to" = as stated or indicated by; on the authority of; as atested by.  With what? His great mercy.  Not just mercy but His great mercy (abundant mercy).  What has His great mercy done? Caused us to be born again.  Born again to what? A living hope.  An alive hope.  A sure hope.  A hope that fulfills His promises.  An anchor.  He is the God of hope (Romans 15:13).  How? Through the resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Verse 4: We've also been born again to an inheritance - everything God has, we have also.  This inheritance is:

1. Imperishable - won't decay, indestructible, enduring permanently

2. Undefiled - free from stain, blemish, evil or corruption, pure

3. Unfading - retains color and freshness, value, usefulness

Where is it kept? In heaven for us.  Our inheritance we have yet to get in heaven.  Only those who are born again can receive this inheritance - God Himself!

Verse 5: We are kept by God's power through faith.  The promise of our inheritance is certain because we are kept by God's power.  This enables us to endure through faith until the coming of Jesus.  Through our faith, God is protecting us by His power until we receive this salvation, until it's ready to be revealed on the last day for all to see.  Note: Peter is bringing encouragement, reminding them of what they have and what to look forward to while in the midst of persecution.

Verse 6: He wants to remind them to rejoice in what he has just told them in the above verses.  Joy is ahead for them.  Note: I think this can be for us too.  We face suffering/trials, maybe not persecution, but focus on what we do have and that we have a future with Christ Jesus.

Verse 7: What is the result of these trials? Their faith is tested to see how genuine it truly is.  Tested like fire tests to purify gold.  The first tests the faith.  What is the result? When their faith remains strong, it will bring with it praise, glory and honor on the day Jesus Christ is revealed to the world.

Question: How genuine is our faith when we are tested?

Verse 8: Peter is encouraging them still to keep the faith even though they haven't seen Jesus for themselves.  He emphasizes their love for Jesus; their faith to believe in what they haven't seen.  They rejoice with great joy and glory.

Verse 9: Their reward for loving and trusting and rejoicing will be the salvation of their souls at the end of time.

Verse 10: Speaks about salvation and grace that the prophets prophesied about but never experienced.

Verse 11: These prophets wondered what time or situation the Spirit was talking about when they were told in advance about Christ's suffering and glory.

Verse 12: The angles long to know these things.  They don't know redemption.  Note:We are under angelic observation.

Verse 13: A transition is made here "therefore".  So two things mentioned here:

1. Prepare your minds

2. Prepare for action

Prepare your minds for action - prepare to fight for holiness.  Girding up the loins of your mind.  The battleground is in the mind.  

"Sober-minded" - self control.  Focused.  Clear-headed.  

"Set your hope fully" - completely focused on the grace (salvation) that is coming.  This is how those born again should live.  We must be mentally engaged in setting our hope in God's grace.

What is that grace? Meeting Jesus finally.  Reigning with Him. Being saved from any penalty of sin.  No more death.  No more tears.  No more pain (grace in the future).

Verse 14: They are obedient children now, so don't go back to your old passions, or old ways.  Persecution and suffering.  He spoke to the mind first then the actions.

Verse 15: Be holy in all conduct.  Be holy as God is holy.  What does "holy" mean? Love God. Obey. Trust. Righteous living. Thoughts. Actions. Devoted to God.  Only the Holy Spirit can make us holy - set apart.

Verse 16: Same as above.

Verse 17: God judges impartially.  A character trait of God = impartial judge.  Peter reminds them that they must continue in reverance to God.

Verse 18: They know they have been ransomed, bought by Christ's blood.  Peter has already, in previous verses, spoke of this.  Futile ways are no longer what they should walk in.  They were bought with blood which is more previous than gold or silver.

Verse 20: Jesus was foreknown.  The prophets spoke of Jesus and even before creation Jesus was.  He has now been revealed for their sake. 

Verse 21: Through Jesus alone they are now believers in God.  God raised Jesus from the dead and He was given glory.  Why? So that our faith and hope are in God.

Glory = great honor, praise, distinction; conferring honor; renown.

Keep the faith; continue in hope is what Peter is encouraging them to do.

Verse 22: Peter is telling them that their sins have been cleansed by obeying the truth so now love one another like a brother or a sister.  He wants their love to be deep.  Note: In persecution we need each other.

Verse 23: Their life now is born of a seed that will not end.  It will last forever.  Why? Because it comes from and through a living and abiding word of God. Note: Living not dead.  Abiding = eternal.

Verse 24: From Isaiah 40 Peter quotes here.  The word of the Lord will remain forever.  Everything else will fade, will die.

Verse 25: As above.  What word is that? The good news; the gospel will live forever. So:

1. Hope fully 

2. Live purely

3. Walk fearfully

4. Love deeply

Next: Session 2 Chapter 2: The Privilege and Duties of God's People

 

 

Abide: Session 10: Imitate God - Gaius

 

Second John showed us to guard truth - external conflict.

Third John is about internal conflict.

Verse 1. Gaius "my dear friend".

Verse 2. So convinced that his soul is healthy.

Verse 3. Report was good about Gaius.  He was walking in the truth and obedience.

Verse 4. John rejoices as Gaius is walking in the truth (John's response).  His deep and abiding faithfulness to the truth.  What relationships give us joy?  Gaius will pass the test of truth and righteousness and love.

Verse 5. Test of love he passes.  Who is Gaius being faithful, trustworthy and loving to? To God.  Gaius is doing a difficult work - effort.  He demonstrates love to strangers too.

Verse 6b-8. "A manner worthy of God" - send them with every provision.  Abraham also in Genesis with the strangers.  Probably itinerate missionaries these strangers.  Fellowship is a marker of Christian community.  We become fellow-workers when we support other missions.  We can use our words to bless, our money to bless, etc.

Verses 9-10.  Diotrephes (imitates evil).  Internal threat to the health of the church.  Discrediting the apostles.  Gossiping.  Making allies. "Wicked nonsense".  Doesn't go into detail here but has no respect for authority.  We also can have an authority issue.  We need to assess.  We need to also guard the truth.

Verses 11-12. Demetrius imitates good and not evil.  We are also to imitate good (Eph. 5:1-2).  We were made for it.

Verses 13-15. "By name" greetings.  What would John say to us now?  The same things:

.Jesus is real.  I know it!

.You are not the same because of Him

.Walk in righteousness

. Show love to each other

.Guard the truth

.Remember what you know

.Keep yourselves from idols

.He abides in you

.Abide in Him - make your home in Him

The problems of the early church are our problems as well:

1. Doctrinal confusion

2. False teachers

3. Divisions

4. Disagreements

5. Lovelessness

6. Disobedience or laziness with regard to obedience

7. Doubt

8. Believers of every level of maturity  

The assurance of the early church are ours as well:

1. Abide in the truth of Christ

2. Love the brothers

3. Walk according to the commands

4. Imitate Christ

9. 

Abide: Session 9: Walk in Truth and Love

 

Second John, Jen says, is like a memo. It was written 90-95 A.D. The Roman empire was at its height. Roman roads helped them to govern more areas. All forms of information traveled, just like the internet.  The early church had to face problems also.

2 John 1-2. "The elder" - John is old and respected and wise.  Elder in life experiences.  Written to a house church to give assurance.

Verse 3. Greeting changed "will be with you".  Dual nature - "in truth and love" continues.  Combines truth and love.  If we have just truth, we become legalistic.  If we just have love, we become too liberal.  We need the balance.  God has the balance perfectly.

Verses 4-6. "Walk" - relating it to the commandments.  Q: what's the significance of walking here? Obedience.  Righteousness. Look at Enoch in Genesis: "walked with God".  A bright light in the midst of dark sin.  Genesis 6:9 1) a humility, 2) implies agreement - Amos 3:3, 3) an increasing mutual affection - growing in love, 4) also an exercise of our faith, 5) it implies safety, 6) encouragement, 7) a preparation for future service, 8) also implies not walking with others, 9) pursue righteousness.  A steady every day obedience, companionship with God.

Verses 7-8. False teaching corrected.  "Full reward" - this is new.  Rewards: see Matt. 20:20-28, Matt. 5:11-12. Matt. 10:40-42; Matt. 6:1-4; Matt. 6:19-20, Matt. 16:27, Luke 6:35, Col. 3:23-24, Eph. 2:10 - walk in good works, eternal reward.

Verses 9-11. Refuse a false teacher in your home.  Do not abide with them.  No endorsement.  Truth supercedes love here.  What this means for us is to watch our endorsements, books, TV, etc.

Verse 12. "Face to face" - Exodus 33:11 Moses to God.  Hard conversations face-to-face - let truth be expressed with love.

Verse 13. Church to church greeting. 

Note: UCLA study says 58% of communication is through body language.  38% through vocal tone, pitch and emphasis. 7% through the content of a message.

Would you run a marathon with 7% of your physical strength? Would you take an important test with 7% of your intelligence? Would you host a holiday gathering with only 7% of your house cleaned?

Seven percent is NOT enough to communicate truth and love.  We should act so carefully if communication is not face-to-face in which much is at stake.  John points us to that.

There is a lot we can take from John's words in this short letter:

1. We can understand the importance of face-to-face communication.

2. We can understand the importance of our endorsements.

3. We can understand that in small situations when faithfulness is demonstrated and care is taken, there can be a big reward of the local church.

How do we inhabit our local church?  Because that's where our impact will be most felt in the family of God.  We will get to learn more about that in 3 John.

Next: Session 10: Imitate God - Gaius

Abide: Session 8: That You May Know

 

Chapter 5 verse 13 is the third statement of "I write these things so that." He has given us three ways to know by the three tests.

5:14-15. He's expressed this idea earlier in John 3:21-22.  What is really going on here? what is the right way for us to think about prayer? Look at John 15:7 - abide. What is the implication of His word abiding in us? Think of how a prayer journal might shape our conception of prayer that might be unhelpful.  We might think that prayer is shaped by making requests.  It might seem in this passage what is put before us is that we can have confidence when we ask. He does want us to ask.  If we abide, then when we come to prayer, it's to be understood we are going more than asking.  We extol.  Ask forgiveness.  Also, we don't see the whole picture.  "According to His will." 1 Thessalonians 4:3 tells us more in the Bible - what He says.  We need to pray the word and submit to His will when praying for circumstances. The God of all outcomes.  His time not ours.

5:16a. Intercession here.  We need to pray first.

5:16-17. This isn't special knowledge like the gnostics believe.  What kind of sin leads to death? The sin that we are not actually converted.  Pray "Lord, transform their heart." It's a rejection of truth - the sin that leads to death.  Jesus intercedes for Peter remember.

Reads "from the valley of vision."

John concludes now with the three tests again.

Verse 18. Test of righteousness.  We don't keep on sinning. "The evil one does not lay hold of us." Think of Job and Peter.

Verse 19. The test of love.

Verse 20. The test of truth.

Verse 21. Keep yourselves from fakes, false conceptions.  God is not like us!

Three questions:

1. What causes us to doubt we have eternal life?

2. What causes us to doubt that God hears our prayers?

3. What causes us to doubt that Jesus leads us not into temptation?

Next: Session 9: Walk in Truth and Love

Abide: Session 7: Overcoming the World

 

In session 7, we look at Chapter 5 of 1 John.

Verses 1-2. "Born of God". (The test of truth). "Loves Father", "loves whoever born of him" (Test of love). Test of righteousness - three summary statements.  "Who believes" - a deep-rooted belief.

Verse 3. "Not burdensome".  Sin is burdensome, but not God's commands.  They are difficult.  It is work.  If we think they're burdensome, we will complain and avoid.

Verses 4-5. "Overcome". Means we are quicker to repent and slower to repeat.  Keeping God's commands is one form in overcoming the world.  God's commandments find their origin in Him.  The more we understand this, the more we will value His commands.  We "overcome" the world one experience at a time. Help us to hate what you hate God.

Verses 6-8. We are shifting here into legal language: testify and testimony. A court room.  Matthew 18:20 is not referring to gathering 2 to 3 people in prayer.  It's actually referring to the need to establish credibility of a witness based on 2 or 3 witnesses.  So, here, we have 3 witnesses: water, blood, spirit.  He is establishing the truths of the claims of Jesus Christ according to 3 witnesses.  Look at Deut. 19:15.  Think of all the places in the Bible of establishing 2 or 3 witnesses for credibility: Revelations, birth of Jesus, temple, Abraham (3 men), Sodom and G, Garden of Eden.  Why water and blood? Exodus adventure: the sea and the blood on posts.  Moses tabernacle: laver of water (water), altar of sacrifice (blood), holy of holies (spirit).  Reference John 19:31-35.  He's showing that Jesus was human and actually suffered death, not what the gnostics believe.  The Spirit descends on the day of Pentecost: water, blood and Spirit. 

Verses 9-12. He says the Spirit is the test of truth, water is the test of righteousness, blood relates to the test of love.

Verses 9-10. "Greater". Testimony of man and the testimony of God.  He's referring to the spirit of the antichrist versus the Spirit of truth.  Which one is greater? The Spirit of truth.

Verse 12. More than saved from death but "life" as described in John 10.  No spiritual lack.

Fear of man is the beginning of folly but the fear of God, as in Proverbs, is the beginning of wisdom.

Abdundant life is for the one who will run the race for the testimony of the Lord.

Two questions:

1. What commandment do we find to be burdensome?

2. How is our life a testimony to eternal life?

Next: Session 8: "That You May Know"

Abide: Session 6: Truth and Error: God is Love

 

John introduces the idea of "Spirit" in the last verse we saw in chapter 3:24.  We start now with 1 John chapter 4.

1 John 4:1-3. Notice he starts with "beloved" because of what he is going to share on love, not with "little children." All through scripture we see "anti-christs" (i.e. satan, Cain etc). Testing spirits we have the Holy Spirit and the spirit of the anti-christ.  The sense of the text here on "test the spirits" is not demonic. It's this: see if this is representative of the Spirit of God or the spirit of error.  He's actually saying "don't be gullible." He will also tell us how to test.  Beware of books that people are saying "God told me this" etc. This is a watered-down version of gnoticism.  Those books take up more of our thinking space than the Bible.

Verses 1-2. He's relating spirit to flesh here.  He's pushing back on what others have said that Jesus was only a spirit and only appeared in the flesh.

Verses 3-4. A "greater than" here also in John 3:20 "greater than our hearts." 

Verse 5.  "They" - antichrists. "From the world" or they went out from us.

Verse 6. "We" - apostles.  By this they can discern because of who listens to them.  Study the real thing (the Bible). We can't identify false teaching by asking if it is false but we have to know truth in order to identify false teaching.

Verses 7-12. Test of love. "Born of God" (John).  He speaks as Jesus does.  He send Him to be the "mercy seat" (propitiation) - the covering over, the ark, the manifest presence of God.  Luke about the Pharisee and sinner, he's actually saying "God be mercy-seated" to me a sinner.  A word picture here that between God and the sinner is the mercy seat. Verse 11 refers to His love manifested in us.  Sinners must see God's love in us.  God's love is perfected in us by producing loving fruit and actions.  We don't like the fact that God is invisible.  This gives false teachers the leeway to "paint" God as they want.

Verse 13-16. Spirit, Father and Son. Trinity here.  

God is Love. What's the problem with people saying this who do not have God abiding in them? They have reduced God to being only love.

John is making a point here when he says this that we cannot hate our brothers and still call ourselves a follower of Christ.  He has many more attributes than that.  OT shows compassion, mercy and grace of God.  We must spend time in all scripture, if we want to have a full view of God.

Verse 17-18a. Another verse that gets pulled out of context.  He's talking about the kind of confidence that allows you to stand on the day of judgment and not fear anything.  "As He is in the world, so also are we." Because as God's son is, so also are we God's children in this world.  Children don't have to gear punishment from the Father.  It's already been taken care of.

Verse 18. What kind of fear is cast out by perfect love? The fear of standing and receiving punishment from God. For the believer, that fear is gone forever.  One fear we need though "the fear of the Lord." "There is no fear in love" - been used wrongly.  we are not wrong to feel legitament fear.  We can lovingly be guided toward a better orientation.  The Christian life is not fear-free but we have a God who guides us in our natural fears. 

Verse 19. God's love was first directed toward us.

Verse 20. We have many visible things were can show our love and deep affection to.

Verse 21. John is dancing around the idea of the great commandment.  This is a deal breaker. Luke 10:25-29 - Jesus does not answer with a statement but a question.This man tries to justify himself by asking "who is my neighbor?"  So where's the line?  The attitude is "what's the bare minimum?"

Verses 30-31. The Jews would have understood this scene. 

Verse 32. The Levite here - the Jews get it.  The priest and the Levite passing by. But the Samaritan shows up.  Racism against them from the Jews.  Half-breeds.  Bad hatred exists.

Verses 33-34. He had compassion.  God describes Himself to Moses as a God of compasstion.  Samaritan has oil/wine with him.  He has an animal.

Verse 35. Money is not a problem.

Verse 36. Poses a question. "Who is acting like a neighbor here?"

Verse 37. Couldn't say "Samaritan".  Go and do likewise.  We are the man in the ditch.  Along comes a man who is rejected by the Jews, has compassion, the means to heal,  has great resources, leaves a deposit, goes away, promises to return.

Who is the good Samaritan?  Jesus - predicting His own ministry.  When we understand the lengths His love has gone, we should be the good Samaritan.

So, for us, "go and do likewise."

Pray for thoese we find hard to love and go and do likewise.

Next: Session 7 "Overcoming the World"